Ketamine
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Revision as of 04:58, 4 April 2021 by Stuart van der Greeff (talk | contribs)
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic agent[1] used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, sedation, and analgesia.
See: induction agents, maintenance of anesthesia, and sedation agents?
Uses, Dosing, & Administration
Induction of anesthesia:
- IV over 30 to 60 seconds 1 to 2 mg/kg (LBW)
- 0.5 to 1 mg/kg in patients with shock
- IM 4 to 6 mg/kg
Maintenance of anesthesia (adjunct to TIVA or inhalational anesthesia)
Various regimens exist:
- 0.075 mg/kg at incision followed by
- 0.25 to 0.35 mg/kg at incision, followed by continuous infusion up to 1 mg/kg/hour
Special Populations
Pediatrics
Elderly
Renal Impairment
Hepatic Impairment
Contraindications, Warnings, & Interactions
Absolute contraindications
Precautions
ith cardiogenic shock caused by myocardial ischemia because the increases in HR and BP may detrimentally unbalance myocardial oxygen supply versus demand. Also, the sympathomimetic effects of ketamine may detrimentally increase pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) in patients with pulmonary hypertension or right-sided heart failure.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
Drug Interactions
Disease-Specific Concerns
Adverse Effects
Myocardial ischemia, PAP, CBF
Pharmacology
Mechanism of action
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacokinetics
Further Resources
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